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Chinese firm’s Lixun-1 ‘space tug’ eyes maiden flight in Q1 2027 after key propulsion tests_我的网站

一 |     名校学区房一直都是楼市中无法忽视的话题，今年以来，潮新闻报道了多个知名学区房价格刷新近年新低的消息。学区房的神话彻底破灭了吗？在过去十年的行情波动中，学区房是否还能相对坚挺？潮新闻美好人居研究院对杭州27个学区房小区过去十一年的成交数据进行了梳理，发现一些小区的价格走势发生了大逆转，这种转变反映出新一代家长购买学区房逻辑的变化。    

    The general assembly of the Lixun-1 upper stage Photo: Courtesy of CAS Space
    The Lixun-1 upper stage Photo: Courtesy of CAS Space
Lixun-1 upper stage, a versatile "space tug" developed by China's commercial space firm CAS Space, is scheduled to make its maiden flight in the first quarter of 2027 after completing a series of key propulsion-system tests, the developer and its chief designer told the Global Times on Tuesday.
The "tug" is designed to ferry satellites from one orbit to another and support missions ranging from constellation deployment to lunar exploration. 
While the main stages of a rocket carry payloads from the ground into an initial orbit, an upper stage takes over once the craft is in space. By repeatedly restarting its engine and changing orbit, Lixun-1 can deliver satellites to higher or different orbits, distribute multiple spacecraft to separate destinations during a single launch, or send probes onto trajectories toward the moon and beyond, Global Times learned from the developer.
Yang Haoliang, chief designer of the Lixun-1 upper stage, compared the system to a shuttle service. "If the regular stages of a launch vehicle are like a long-distance bus," - they carry the upper stage and satellites from Earth to a near-Earth parking orbit - the upper stage then takes over as a "space tug," carrying its satellite "passengers" onward to their designated orbital "stops," Yang explained. 
That capability can have a direct impact on how efficiently satellites are launched and operated, Yang said. If a satellite has to climb from an initial orbit to its final destination using its own engine, the process can consume a considerable amount of onboard propellant and reduce the fuel available during its operational life. An upper stage can instead perform that orbital transfer, helping conserve satellite fuel and potentially extend its service life.
It can also make one rocket launch do more work. Instead of releasing a batch of satellites into roughly the same orbit, Lixun-1 can repeatedly ignite its engine and maneuver between deployments, sending different satellites to different altitudes and inclinations. Yang said this would help accelerate constellation deployment while improving the efficiency of individual launches.
The practical ambitions behind the system are backed by a major technical milestone reached this month. In August, Lixun-1 completed its PV-001 integrated propulsion-system coordination firing test, during which the entire system operated smoothly for 566 seconds.  
Yang told the Global Times that the current Lixun-1 upper stage has a thrust of 20 kilonewtons and can achieve a specific impulse of 315 seconds, which he described as reaching an internationally leading level. The August firing covered the planned profile for the maiden mission, an important step before the system proceeds to flight testing.
The test was more than a demonstration of the engine itself. As an important system-level verification during development, it examined the coordination and engineering reliability of the engine pressurization system, propellant delivery system, propellant management system and servo-control system under the fully integrated configuration.
Of a series of tests that accumulated 5,211 seconds of firing time, the latest one focused on three core technologies: a high-thrust, high-performance 20-kilonewton upper-stage engine capable of multiple starts; balanced propellant delivery from multiple parallel tanks; and a highly reliable integrated electrical system. Their successful verification means Lixun-1 has completed its system-level testing and is ready to move into the flight-test phase, according to the developer.
Lixun-1 has been designed as a modular and generally adaptable upper stage rather than a system tied to only one rocket. It is intended to work with CAS Space's Kinetica-2 and Kinetica-2 heavy-lift variants as well as other launch vehicles, Yang said.
When paired with the Kinetica-2 family, Lixun-1 could significantly expand the rocket's mission range. For communications missions, it could deliver satellites to geosynchronous transfer orbit or even directly to geosynchronous orbit, conserving satellite propellant while supporting the deployment of high-throughput satellites and future 6G communications spacecraft.
For multi-satellite missions, the combination could distribute spacecraft to different orbital altitudes and inclinations during a single launch, potentially serving both low-Earth-orbit constellations and medium- or high-orbit payloads. For deep-space missions, it could place probes onto Earth-moon transfer trajectories and support lunar exploration, Yang said.
The upper stage is designed to be able to conduct more than 20 engine ignitions, autonomously plan orbital-transfer routes and operate under the vacuum and extreme temperature conditions of space. After completing payload deployment, it can also carry out orbital disposal maneuvers to reduce space-debris risks.
Yang said the Lixun-1 and Kinetica-2 combination is designed to cover the vast majority of commercial satellite launch requirements while retaining the ability to participate in major national space projects. More broadly, the upper stage forms part of CAS Space's effort to build launch capabilities reaching medium and high Earth orbits and deep space, extending the reach of China's commercial space sector toward higher orbits and more distant destinations.
。一、以上数据均来源于潮新闻美好人居研究院；二、在不同成交时期，成交的物业的精装与否、户型大小、楼层与楼幢位置的不同会造成价格变动；三、有些房源为了减少税费，会稍微压低成交单价；而有些二手房为了增加银行贷款，也有可能稍微做高单价，具体房源情况，建议购房者实地去看看。曾经卖到10万元的小区如今涨幅垫底记者从杭州第一梯队学区房中，选取了27个具有代表性的小区，罗列了从2016年到2026年的年度成交均价（2026年数据截至7月31日）。这27个小区全部都在2021年达到了价格顶峰，但把时间拉长到10年周期，涨幅却出现了巨大的分化，并非所有名校学区房都能保值。涨幅最高的是西城年华小区，2016年均价30865元/㎡，在27个小区里处于中等水平，2021年涨到了71303元/㎡，涨幅高达131%，而后市场下行，回撤的幅度并没有很大，到2026年，成交均价还有59160元/㎡，十年涨幅高达91.67%。西城年华价格坚挺一方面是因为，对应的九年制保俶塔申花实验学校近年来成绩在杭州公办学校中名列前茅。还有一点是保俶塔申花实验学校学位不紧张，只要是一表生基本上都能入读。学区对应的三个小区中只有西城年华有70㎡以下的户型，不少家长选择短期持有，在孩子入学后就转手卖掉，因此小区换手率极高，被视为学区“硬通货”。

二 | 涨幅排第二的小区是南星桥的豪宅蓝色钱江，对应的学区是胜利实验小学。2016年蓝色钱江成交均价48000元/㎡，2021年涨到了105000元/㎡，在27个小区里排第一。在之后几年内，凭借绝版地段和优质的产品，蓝色钱江成交价虽然也在下行，但跌幅并不算大，到了今年均价还能达到88000元/㎡，十年涨幅83.33%。十年涨幅最小的小区文二新村，可谓是经历了大起大落。

三 | 作为学军小学本部学区房，文二新村在2016年时均价就已经高达51353元/㎡，比当时的蓝色钱江还要贵3000元/㎡，在27个小区里名列第一。

四 | 到了2021年，小区成交均价高达100462元/㎡，仅次于105000元/㎡的豪宅蓝色钱江。但在那之后，文二新村的下跌幅度也非常大，2026年以来成交均价仅55100元/㎡，只有最高点时的一半，十年间涨幅仅7.3%，甚至不及某些位于冷门板块、没有名校学区的小区。

五 | 竞舟小学学区房金成花园，十年涨幅也只有8.21%，排倒数第二。金成花园2016年只有24705元/㎡，2021年涨到了52102元/㎡，但涨得多跌得也多，到今年只有26734元/㎡。从面积越小越值钱到既要学区又能住学区房涨幅分化的背后，是如今很多家长对于学区房的购房逻辑发生了变化。十年前，文教区的“老破小”是学区房市场上的香饽饽，而且面积越小，越受欢迎。学区房热度高涨的年代，一些超小户型一挂出来就能火速成交，文二新村在2021年曾有一套约32.59㎡的房源，以600万元总价成交，折合单价约18.4万元/㎡，创下了当时的单价纪录。但从去年开始，这类超小户型房源已经没那么抢手了。因为对于新一代家长来说，他们在意的不仅是学校好不好，还要考虑房子住得舒不舒服、通勤方不方便、板块有没有前景，居住品质的权重正在逐渐上升。单纯为了一个学籍去买一套“不能住”的老破小，越来越多的家长已经不愿意了。因此像西城年华、金隅学府、御西湖等小区，既能居住得舒适，又能兼顾名校学区，才是那个能装下更多水的“木桶”。随着公民同招、多校划片等政策的深入，再加上入学人口逐年减少的趋势，越来越多人对学区房祛魅。再加上房价整体走低，即便是第一梯队的学区房，溢价能力也有所削弱。

六 | 不过对于一部分还想追求名校的家长来说，学区房入门的门槛降低了不少，能够更从容地进行选择。

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Published on:07:03:11